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Mit diesem Band liegt nun die Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland in unserer Lehrbuchreihe geschlossen vor: Michael Toch Die Juden im mittelalterlichen Reich 1998. X, 188 S., Br. ISBN 3-486-55053-5 Enzyklopädie deutscher Geschichte, Band 44; Shulamit Volkov Die Juden in Deutschland 1780-1918 2000. VIII, 166 S., 2. Aufl., Br. ISBN 3-486-56481-1 Enzyklopädie deutscher Geschichte, Band 16; Moshe Zimmermann Die deutschen Juden 1914-1945 1997. 167 S., Br. ISBN 3-486-55080-2, Ln. ISBN 3-486-55082-9 Enzyklopädie deutscher Geschichte, Band 43. Thema dieser Geschichte und Kultur der Juden im Heiligen Römischen Reich der Vormoderne von der Reformationszeit bis zum Beginn der Emanzipation ist nicht nur das innerjüdische Leben, sondern auch die vielfältigen Beziehungen der jüdischen Gemeinden und wichtiger Vertreter der Judenschaft zur christlichen Umwelt. Im ersten Abschnitt werden - sowohl im Enzyklopädischen Überblick wie auch im Forschungsteil - zunächst Grundfragen und Rahmenbedingungen jüdischer Existenz in der Frühen Neuzeit geklärt, u.a. Periodenfragen, Fragen zur Vorgeschichte, zu den aschkenasischen und sefardischen Traditionen und Sonderentwicklungen sowie zum Verhältnis zur christlichen Umwelt. Der zweite Abschnitt, die Zeit bis 1650 umfassend, klärt über die demografischen Entwicklungen und Siedlungsschwerpunkte auf, informiert über die normative Situation, die antijüdischen Traditionen der Kirchen und christlichen Obrigkeiten, die Organisationsstrukturen der Judenschaft über die jüdische Geisteselite und Kultur sowie über berufliche Strukturen, Handel und Gewerbe. Der chronologisch daran anknüpfende dritte Teil informiert über die Gründung neuer Gemeinden und Siedlungszentren, die Probleme christlich-jüdischer Nachbarschaft, philosemitische und antisemitische Entwicklungen, die Strukturen der Hofjudenschaft, Probleme der Armut und des Betteljudentums, die sabbatianische Bewegung, den jüdischen Alltag in der Gemeinde sowie schließlich über die Anfänge der Aufklärung und Haskala in der jüdischen Welt. Die im Literaturteil aufgeführten Titel wurden im Hinblick auf die problemorientierte Darstellung des Forschungsteils ausgewählt, enthalten aber darüber hinaus einige grundlegende Werke, deren Kenntnis für das Studium der frühneuzeitlichen Geschichte der Juden unabdingbar ist.

Jews --- Juifs --- History --- Histoire --- Germany --- Allemagne --- Ethnic relations. --- Relations interethniques --- Regions & Countries - Europe --- History & Archaeology --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism

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Medicine played an important role in the early secularization and eventual modernization of German Jewish culture. And as both physicians and patients Jews exerted a great influence on the formation of modern medical discourse and practice. This fascinating book investigates the relationship between German Jews and medicine from medieval times until its demise under the Nazis.John Efron examines the rise of the German Jewish physician in the Middle Ages and his emergence as a new kind of secular, Jewish intellectual in the early modern period and beyond. The author shows how nineteenth-century medicine regarded Jews as possessing distinct physical and mental pathologies, which in turn led to the emergence in modern Germany of the "Jewish body" as a cultural and scientific idea. He demonstrates why Jews flocked to the medical profession in Germany and Austria, noting that by 1933, 50 percent of Berlin's and 60 percent of Vienna's physicians were Jewish. He discusses the impact of this on Jewish and German culture, concluding with the fate of Jewish doctors under the Nazis, whose assault on them was designed to eliminate whatever intimacy had been built up between Germans and their Jewish doctors over the centuries.

Jewish physicians --- Jews --- Medicine --- Health Workforce --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism --- Physicians, Jewish --- Physicians --- History.

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Jews --- Sephardim --- History --- Jews, Sephardic --- Ladinos (Spanish Jews) --- Sefardic Jews --- Sephardi Jews --- Sephardic Jews --- Jews, Portuguese --- Jews, Spanish --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism --- Montesinos, Fernando, --- Spain --- Ethnic relations.

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""Koltun-Fromm's reading of Hess is of crucial import for those who study the construction of self in the modern world as well as for those who are concerned with Hess and his contributions to modern thought.... a reading of Hess that is subtle, judicious, insightful, and well supported."" -- David EllensonMoses Hess, a fascinating 19th-century German Jewish intellectual figure, was at times religious and secular, traditional and modern, practical and theoretical, socialist and nationalist. Ken

Judaism --- Jews --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Religions --- History --- Cultural assimilation --- Germany --- Identity. --- Religion --- Hess, Moses, --- Hes, Mosheh, --- הס, משה --- הס, משה, --- העס, משה --- העס, משה, --- Hess, Moses

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Between 1945 and 1948, more than a quarter of a million Jews fled countries in Eastern Europe and the Balkans and began filling hastily erected displaced persons camps in Germany and Austria. As one of the victorious Allies, Britain had to help find a solution for the vast majority of these refugees who refused repatriation. Drawing on extensive research in British, American, and Israeli archives, Arieh Kochavi presents a comprehensive analysis of British policy toward Jewish displaced persons and reveals the crucial role the United States played in undermining that policy. Kochavi arg

Jewish refugees --- Holocaust survivors --- Jews --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism --- Survivors, Holocaust --- Victims --- Refugees, Jewish --- Government policy --- Migrations. --- Migrations --- Great Britain --- United States --- Palestine --- Emigration and immigration --- Government policy. --- Emigration and immigration.